1, the standard battery packs is not allowed to tilt, not to mention shaking and inverted, otherwise, the chemical substances in the glass tube will be mixed into one, thus affecting the electric potential value and stability, and even can not be used. Where the standard battery after transport must be rested for a sufficient period of time before reuse; where the battery has been inverted by the assessment of qualified before use.

    2, can not be overloaded. The standard battery packs is generally allowed to pass only less than 1μA of current, otherwise, it will cause instability of electric potential due to polarization; the current flowing through the standard battery should not exceed the allowed value; do not touch the two end buttons at the same time with your hands to prevent the human body from short-circuiting both poles; never allow the use of voltmeter or multimeter to measure the electric potential value of the standard battery, because the internal resistance of this meter is not large enough, which will make the battery discharge current too large.

    3, the use and storage of temperature and humidity must be in line with the regulations. Temperature fluctuations should be small, to prevent hysteresis effects bring errors. The temperature gradient should be small to prevent the inconsistent temperature of the two electrodes. If the temperature difference between the two poles is 0.1℃, there will be about 30pV of electric potential deviation. Therefore, there should not be a cold source or heat source near the battery, and it must be kept at a constant temperature for a period of time before use when moving to a new temperature.

    4. It should not be exposed to direct sunlight and light. Because the depolarizing agent of the standard battery, mercurous sulfate, is a photosensitive substance, it will deteriorate after being exposed to light, which will make the polarization and hysteresis become serious.

    5, the polarity of the standard battery packs can not be connected to the reverse. Because the terminal voltage of the Zener diode is almost irrelevant to the fluctuation of the reverse current in a small range, it can also be used as an electromotive force standard in the instrument, instead of the standard cell.